After King Solomon died, Israel split into two separate countries with their own Kings. This was the beginning of God’s promise to make of Israel, many nations. So there were then two nations. The one who stayed home was the House of Judah. The other rebelled and was moved by God into captivity. This was the House of Israel.
2 Kings 17:6 “In the ninth year of Hoshea the king of Assyria took Samaria, and carried Israel away into Assyria, and placed them in Halah and in Habor by the river of Gozan, and in the cities of the Medes.”
The House of Israel later escaped that captivity as archaeological records show. Their goal was to return to God, but it was to be in God’s new promised land.
2 Samuel 7:10 “Moreover I will appoint a place for my people Israel, and will plant them, that they may dwell in a place of their own, and move no more; neither shall the children of wickedness afflict them any more, as beforetime”.
In Hosea, The House of Israel was prophesied to be “children of the living God” or Christians as has happened.
“Yet the number of the children of Israel shall be as the sand of the sea, which cannot be measured nor numbered; and it shall come to pass… there it shall be said unto them, Ye are the sons of the living God.” Hosea 1:10
When Paul and others came and began preaching repentance and the Kingdom of God to the Nations of Israel, there was jealousy on the part of the House of Judah.
So now in Luke 15:11-32 Christ tells a story about a man’s two sons. Read the parable and see how it compares to the history you just read. The parable tells us a bit about the condition of Israel in captivity. God allowed them to escape, but God prevented them from returning to their former land.
Hosea 2:6 “Therefore, behold, I will hedge up thy way with thorns, and make a wall, that she shall not find her paths.”
So as God intended and archaeology shows, The House of Israel went through what is now called the Pass of Israel and were found in the area North of the Caucasus Mountains at the same time that history records the Caucasian peoples being there. Then they moved into Europe and eventually America where they were joined by the House of Judah and renewed their relationship with God.
Hosea 1:11 “Then shall the children of Judah and the children of Israel be gathered together, and appoint themselves one head, and they shall come up out of the land: for great shall be the day of Jezreel.”